Dilution
What It Means
Dilution refers to a situation where an equity investor’s ownership share of a company decreases as the company issues new stocks. Dilution is very common whenever a company raises money in exchange for equity. The company issues new shares and gives them to the new investor in exchange for the investment capital. Because the total number of shares has increased, the proportion of shares owned by existing equity holders, which hasn’t changed, decreases as a percentage of the total number of shares.
Why It’s Important
While Dilution is common, it doesn’t always happen in a fair and equitable manner. Some investors push for anti-dilution provisions, which prevent them from becoming diluted in a future fundraising event. This is great for the investors that have the anti-dilution provisions, as they would receive additional shares at the same time as the new investor to keep them at their original ownership percentage. However, those types of provisions actually make the dilution worse for other investors and owners of the company. After all, the equity share given to the new investors has to come from somewhere.
Instead of focusing on keeping a constant share of equity, investors should be focused on things that increase the value of equity for all owners.